ρ = 0.50
⚠ Unstable: λ ≥ μ (ρ ≥ 1). Queue grows without bound.
Arriving
Waiting
Serving
Departing
MetricTheory (M/M/1)Observed
ρ — server utilisation
L — avg customers in system
Lq — avg queue length
W — avg system time (s)
Wq — avg wait time (s)